| Coping With Night Terrors | 夜驚的處理 |
| A night terror is a relatively common occurrence that appears mostly in young children, typically between the ages of 3 to 5 years. 2 to 3% of all children will experience episodes of night terrors. By the time they reach school age, most of these children will have outgrown these generally harmless events. | 夜驚是一種相對常見的現(xiàn)象，以幼兒為最多見，尤其是3－5歲兒童。在所有兒童中，有2%－3%的兒童會有夜驚發(fā)作。到學齡期時，多數(shù)兒童的夜驚會自然消失?！?/td> |
| Night Terror or Nightmare | 夜驚抑或夢魘 |
| A night terror is not the same thing as a nightmare. Nightmares occur during the dream phase of sleep known as REM sleep （this stands for Rapid Eye Movement; also known as "dreaming" sleep）. The circumstances of the nightmare will frighten the child, who usually will wake up with a vivid memory of a long movie-like dream. Night terrors, on the other hand, occur during a phase of deep non-REM sleep - usually an hour or two after the child goes to bed. During a night terror, which may last anywhere from a few minutes up to an hour, the child is still asleep. Her eyes may be open, but she is not awake. When she does wake up, she'll have absolutely no recollection of the episode other than a sense of fear. | 夜驚與夢魘不同。夢魘出現(xiàn)在睡夢期，即快速眼動睡眼期。夢魘驚嚇小孩，小孩醒來時通常會有生動的電影樣睡夢記憶。相反，夜驚出現(xiàn)在非快速眼動深睡期，通常是小孩上床1－2小時后。夜驚可能持續(xù)幾分鐘至一小時，發(fā)作時小孩仍處于睡眼中。她的雙眼可能睜開，但并沒有醒。當她確實醒來時，除了恐懼感外，她也絕對想不起剛才所發(fā)生的事情?！?/td> |
| Why Does The Child Have Night Terrors | 小孩為何夜驚 |
| Several factors may contribute to night terrors. It's likely that if her parents had night terrors, the child will, too. Fatigue and psychological stress may also play roles in their occurrence. Make sure the child is getting plenty of rest. Be aware of things that may be upsetting to the child, and to the extent one is able, try to minimize the distress. | 夜驚因素很多。如果父母有夜驚，小孩也會有。疲勞與心理緊張對夜驚發(fā)生也有影響。應確保小孩有充分的休息。應了解困擾小孩的情況，盡量減少其痛苦?！?/td> |
| Children usually have night terrors at the same time each night, generally sometime in the first few hours after falling asleep. Doctors suggest parents wake their child about 30 minutes before the night terror usually happens. Get the child out of bed, and have her talk to you. Keep her awake for 5 minutes, and then let her go back to sleep. | 兒童通常在每晚的相同時間出現(xiàn)夜驚，一般在入睡后幾個小時。因此，醫(yī)生建議家長在平時夜驚發(fā)生30分鐘前叫醒小孩，起床，并與其交談。醒5分鐘后再讓她回去睡覺。 |
| Night terrors can be a frightening phenomenon of childhood but they are not dangerous. If they occur frequently or over a long period of time, however, discuss this with the doctor. | 夜驚是童年期的一種可怕現(xiàn)象，但并無危險。如頻繁發(fā)作或時間較長，則應與醫(yī)生討論。 |
| What Can Be Done | 如何處理 |
| It's helpful to know that although these events may be disturbing, night terrors themselves are not harmful to the child. But because a child may get out of bed and run around the room, doctors do advise parents to gently restrain a child experiencing night terrors. Otherwise, let the episode run its course. Shouting and shaking the child awake will just agitate her more. Remember to warn babysitters and other family members who may be present overnight so that they will understand what is happening and won't overreact. | 雖然夜驚發(fā)作很煩人，但夜驚本身對小孩并無傷害。由于小孩可能會下床跑出房間，醫(yī)生建議家長對夜驚小孩稍加約束，或使發(fā)作自行結(jié)束過程。喊叫或搖醒小孩只會使其更加焦慮。同時提醒看護人員及其他家庭成員，使其了解情況不致反應過度?！?/td> |
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